Taxi: hailing a cab in the street is fairly straightforward in the city and prices remain reasonable, even for travel farther afield. As in Riyadh, Jeddah’s taxis are mostly driven by South Asians, many of whom won’t speak very much English, if any. Make sure to negotiate the fare before you get in the vehicle to avoid a nasty surprise once you arrive at your destination.

Mini-bus: these out-dated little vans, known locally as hafilat, represent a cheap way to get around the city but be warned that their routes are not fixed and they can get crowded.

Private car: Jeddah locals often overcome the inadequate transport situation by flagging down private vehicles that may or may not be going the same way. The best way to do it is to get one that is at least heading in vaguely the right direction.

Negotiate a fee with the driver, which is typically about half of what you might pay in a taxi. Alternatively, just hire your own car at the airport when you arrive.