Some 20,000 are estimated to have settled in the area by the time the first Europeans arrived, however the subsequent introduction of guns caused inter-tribal conflict and along with the arrival of European diseases; the number of Maoris has diminished greatly by the time the Europeans began seriously building settlements. By the 19th century, New Zealand was becoming increasingly settled and following the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi in February of 1840, the country’s new governor decided to make Auckland its capital. By the late 19th century, Auckland had become known as a sophisticated cosmopolitan centre with leisure activities such as, walking, cycling and horse racing bringing it increased popularity while the development of the Domain and similar venues for sporting purposes, also brought the city into the spotlight. In the beginning of the 20th century, Auckland experienced rapid growth on account of the development of both the rail and tram systems; however the introduction of the car and the subsequent building of roads brought the greatest prosperity to the city and was the most significant influence in defining the urban landscape. | 
